No recent educational reform has had a greater challenge on the leadership of public school leaders than the "No Child Left Behind (NCLB)" Act, as they struggle to successfully implement its requirements. Passed by the United States Congress, and signed into law by President George W. Bush in January 2002, this legislation was a re-authorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education (ESEA) Title I Act that has carried new and ambitious mandates to improve achievement for all students over a period of five years for school districts, and developed data systems to track the state's efforts. It also includes a significant intervention processes for failing schools. NCLB has many goals, but the foremost goal is to close the achievement gap between various racial and ethnic groups, poor and non-poor, those who have disabilities and those who do not, and English language learners and fluent English speakers. This study will examine the multiple leadership challenges of implementing the NCLB reforms, and the high-stakes responsibility and role of school leaders in formulating innovation to meet its requirements, managing change at local schools, while still preserving the autonomy of local school districts and decentralization of individual schools. This study will also analyze the results of NCLB mandates, its effect on student academic achievement, highly qualified teachers, lack of consistent federal funding, its accountability impact on school performance, and the future of this reform. |